Intel builds chip that mimics brains

Intel has created a chip that works in a similar way to the neural network in the brain. For example, the components in the chip ensure that an electrical signal is transmitted via pulses, just like with neurons.

The technology is based on lateral spin valves and memristors. The former are small magnets that can change their magnetic field based on the spin of electrons. Together with memristors, resistors with memory, this results in a circuit in which the electrical signals are not transmitted with a constant voltage, but instead work pulsating.

According to the researchers, who work at Intel, the spin valves in the chip operate at a significantly lower voltage than conventional chips. According to the makers, the required voltage can be expressed in millivolts, just like the neurons in the brain. Ultimately, such a system, called a neuromorphic chip, should be able to reduce power consumption by a factor of 15 to 300 compared to conventional chips.

Electrical circuits are also formed in the brain, of which neurons are the basis. They form an electrical system in which they transmit signals in pulse form after activation. In addition, a stronger signal is represented by a higher frequency of electrical stimuli. Ultimately, the signals are integrated into the central nervous system, of which the brain is the main component.

The Intel-designed chip can be used to create computing cores that work in a similar way to the brain, making simulation easier. Such systems can be used to study the brain, but also to enable more computing power with lower power consumption. However, more research is needed for this. Although a neuromorphic chip can already be used for brain-like systems, more is needed to make it a fully functioning system.